Underground-telegraph l



A. B. TURNER. Underground-Telegraph Line.

No. 223,868. Patented Jan. 27, 1880.

N PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. o c

lclare the UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

vALONZO B. TURNER, OF MOUNT SAVAGE, MARYLAND.

UNDERGROUND-TELEGRAPH UNE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 223,868, dated January 27, 1880.

Application iilcd November 25, 1879.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that 1, ALONZO B. TURNER, of Mount Savage, in the county of Alleohany and State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Underground-Telegraph Lines; and I do hereby defollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Figure l is a srde view of my improved underground-telegrapli-line wire. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section on the line .fr .r of Fig. l, and'Fig. 3 is a detail longitudinal section thereof.

The same part in the several figures is designated by the same letter.

This invention has relation toimprovcmens in underground-telegraph-linc wires, and refers more especially to the insulators which contain or receive the wires, and has for its object to facilitate the laying of the wires, to permit of their ready removal, to protect them from the deleterious eii'ects of air and moisture, to readily detect a breakage in the wires, to test any one or more sections thereof, and to provide for turning corners or forming angles, and to effect the expeditious uniting of the respective sections of the insulator, and to insure the coinciding of the passages or apertures therein through which the wires ass.

The nature of my invention consists of apertured insulators with their apertures or passages for the wires extended longitudinally through them, and provided, each section of insulator, at one end with a projection, and also a pin or tenon, and at its other end with a socket or recess and a further inlet or aperture, which, respectively, receive the correspondingly-shaped projection and stud or tenon upon the meeting end of the uniting section, while at certain intervals relays are provided between the insulator-sections, substantially as hereinafter more fully set forth.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, A may represent concaved sections of blocks of any suitable material, first placed in position in a prepared excavation or ditch in the ground. B B mark a number of sections of the insulator, which are disposed end to end and placed in the concaved blocks or foundation, as clearly represented in Figs. l and 2. These sections may be made of glass, furnaceslag, or auf.Y other non-conductor of electricity having the requisite strength and capable of resisting the effects of air and moisture, and may be round, square, or any other desired shape, and el' convenient length-say from four to ten feet in length-while the diameter is governed by the number of wires to be accommodated.

Through each section of insulator are made as many coincident apertures or passages a a, extending in the direction of their length, as the number of wires to be accommodated or passed through them, while one end of each section is provided with a cylindrical or other shaped projection, l), and the latter with a tenori or pin7 bf, and its other end with a similar recess or socket, c, and a further inlet or aperture, c. From this construction it will be observed that each section will tit and interlock into the other to prevent its dislocation, while the tenons or pins litting into their apertures will secure the wire-passages in a coincident plane, whereby the wires can be passed through them without interruption or being intercepted by the meeting edges of the passages, as might otherwise occur. By thus insulating the wires cach is separate from the other, thoroughly protected, and insulated without additional inclosing or wrapping, as has heretofore been the practice in some, if not all, instances, and which is objectionable because ot' the difliculty to withdraw or remove a detective wire with the insulator-sections in position under ground.

With my insulator this dilliculty is coinpletely overcome, in that the wires can be inserted and removed with facility, there being no crowding of the wires in their passages by reason of wrappers on the wires.

At certain intervals along the line relays O are provided between the sections of the insulator, consisting of carrying the wires up around insulators upon a cross-piece, d', secured upon a central upright or post, d, planted in the ground. These serve to det IOC a breakage or defect iu any ot` the Wires that may arise, to test the same, and to provide for turning corners, or rather forming angles at those points to correspondingly change the direction of the Wires of the line.

The projections I) en the insulator are each formed by cutting a circular section or annulus from the circumference at one end of each section7 thus providing a single projection for uniting and encompassing the whole series ot' passages or apertures7 greatly simplifying' construction, that heretofore employed consisting in cuttin or providing a separate projection, or rather tiibe1for each aperture or passage.

These insulatorsections can be laid with facility and be cheaply gotten up, Which are great desiderata, especially in t-he construction ot' telegraph-lines.

Having thus fully described my invention, l claim and desire to secure by Letters Patentl. In uirdergrouild-telegraph lines, the insulater-sections With longitudinal wire passages or apertures extending through them, and having7 each section, at one end aprojection, and upon said projection atenon or pin entering corresponding indentatious in the connectingseetion, and at the other end a socket with a further inlet or aperturc5 into which fit a corresporuling projection and pin, substantially as and for' the purpose set forth.

2. In undergrouud-telegraph lines7 the combination ot' the insulator-sections, with 1ongitudinal passages or apertures extending through them, and provided with interlocking projections vand terroirs at one end7 and at the other end with sockets or recesses and apertures, with the line wires and intermediate relays, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 22d day of November', 1879.

A. B. TURNER Titnesses H. B. SHAFFER, Jovi-IN LAVELLE. 

